Not far at all.
Before 1950 when weather radars started to become common there was very little data on these storms before they hit. Before a worldwide net of weather stations in the early 20th century a lot of storms were missed entirely and many, frankly were unreported as tropical storms or hurricanes except in the logbook of a ship that might run into it. I was at my grandmother's house in Orange, Tex. when hurricane Audrey hit, it was a true monster and discovered as a tropical low pressure system by a shrimp boat before being tracked by radar.. Before that things were sketchy, before radar they were very sketchy indeed. Intensity was pretty much what you got at landfall, and as was mentioned by Allen, most storms lose intensity before landfall. It wasn't until a network of weather satellites came into being in the mid 1960s that truly accurate data existed.
Death rates were very much higher pre 1930 in large part because there was very little warning, in fact you might not have known you were actually in the path of a storm until it hit. The 1900 Galveston storm being a good example. though that one was partly, but far from completely, due to misreading data from weather stations in Cuba. The storm that hit the upper gulf coast in 1865 which obliterated my home town is an even better one. No one knew about that one until they were in it.
Data before about 1920 should be treated as incomplete and before 1900 as very incomplete.
So basically you've got around 100-120 years of data that means anything statistically and about 60 years of what could be considered complete and accurate data.
Before 1950 when weather radars started to become common there was very little data on these storms before they hit. Before a worldwide net of weather stations in the early 20th century a lot of storms were missed entirely and many, frankly were unreported as tropical storms or hurricanes except in the logbook of a ship that might run into it. I was at my grandmother's house in Orange, Tex. when hurricane Audrey hit, it was a true monster and discovered as a tropical low pressure system by a shrimp boat before being tracked by radar.. Before that things were sketchy, before radar they were very sketchy indeed. Intensity was pretty much what you got at landfall, and as was mentioned by Allen, most storms lose intensity before landfall. It wasn't until a network of weather satellites came into being in the mid 1960s that truly accurate data existed.
Death rates were very much higher pre 1930 in large part because there was very little warning, in fact you might not have known you were actually in the path of a storm until it hit. The 1900 Galveston storm being a good example. though that one was partly, but far from completely, due to misreading data from weather stations in Cuba. The storm that hit the upper gulf coast in 1865 which obliterated my home town is an even better one. No one knew about that one until they were in it.
Data before about 1920 should be treated as incomplete and before 1900 as very incomplete.
So basically you've got around 100-120 years of data that means anything statistically and about 60 years of what could be considered complete and accurate data.

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